Seizures are a common symptom of SWS and are usually a result of the calcification process. Most seizure activity can be controlled or modified by the use of medication. In the most severe cases, a hemispherectomy (where one hemisphere of the brain is removed or detached) is used as a "last ditch effort" to stop uncontrolled seizures. A device known as the Vagus Nerve Stimulator may also be implanted. The device stimulates the vagus nerve in the neck, sending a signal to the brain to help interrupt seizure activity.

SWS can affect the brain by being bilateral or unilateral (affecting one or both sides of the brain). Hemiparesis (the weakening or loss of use on the side of the body opposite the PWS) can also be present.

Mild to severe retardation can also be a result of SWS. Learning disability can be another factor in SWS, as well as behavioral problems, and in some cases, symptoms similar to ADD/ADHD can be present.

Here is a more in-depth look at Sturge-Weber Syndrome and how it affects the brain.

People with Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) may demonstrate a loss of brain tissue in the areas of the brain affected by the syndrome. On MRI or CT, these regions look smaller than normal areas of the brain.

The port-wine stain (excessive abnormal blood vessels) is present on the outer layer of the brain causing calcification and atrophy of the brain tissue.

Click image to enlarge.

Click image to enlarge.

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